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A new monoclinic polymorphic form of the title compound, [Cu(HCO2)2(C14H12N2)(H2O)], is described. It differs from the first ortho­rhom­bic polymorph [Pan, Lin & Zheng (2005 ▶). Z. Kristallogr. New Cryst. Struct. 220, 495–496] in the deviation of the Cu atom relative to the plane of the 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmp) ligand. In the present structure, the Cu atom is shifted from the mean plane of the dmp ligand by only 0.005 (1) Å, compared with 0.318 (6) Å in the ortho­rhom­bic form. Hydrogen-bonding and π–π stacking inter­actions (mean inter­planar distance of 3.59 Å in the title compound) in the two different polymorphs are both essential to the supra­molecular assembly.

The title compound, C14H12N2O2, is an ortho­rhom­bic polymorph of the previously reported monoclinic form [Bakir et al. (2005 ▶). Acta Cryst. E61, o1611–o1613]. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 4.32 (13)°. The mol­ecular structures of the two polymorphs, including short intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the the hydr­oxy and keto groups, are quite similar but their crystal packings are distinct. Unlike the monoclinic form, in which centrosymmetrically related hydr­oxy and keto groups form {⋯H⋯O}2 synthons via weak O—H⋯O contacts, leading to dimeric aggregates, in the ortho­rhom­bic form, the hydrogen bonding between these groups leads to the formation of supra­molecular chains orientated along the a axis.

The title compound, C13H10Cl2N2S, represents a monoclinic polymorph of the previously reported ortho­rhom­bic form [Ramnathan et al. (1996 ▶). Acta Cryst. C52, 134–136]. The mol­ecule is twisted with the dihedral angle between the benzene rings being 55.37 (7)°. The N—H atoms are syn to each other, which contrasts their anti disposition in the ortho­rhom­bic form. In the crystal, mol­ecules assemble into zigzag chains along the c axis via N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds. Chains are connected into layers via C—H⋯Cl inter­actions, and these stack along the a axis.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C12H11NO2, represents a new ortho­rhom­bic polymorph II of the previously reported ortho­rhom­bic form I [Zhang et al. (2009 ▶) Acta Cryst. E65, o3160]. In polymorph II, the six-membered rings form a dihedral angle of 13.8 (1)° [71.6 (1)° in I], and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into chains along [100], whereas the crystal structure of I features hydrogen-bonded centrosymmetric dimers.

Recently, we reported the first monoclinic [Kuai & Cheng (2011). Acta Cryst., E67, o2787] and the ortho­rhom­bic polymorph [Kuai & Cheng (2011). Acta Cryst., E67, o3014] of the title compound, C15H12N2O2. Another monoclinic polymorph was obtained accidentally by the hydro­thermal reaction of the title compound with manganese chloride in the presence of potassium hydroxide at 413 K. The asymmetric unit consists of four independent mol­ecules. In the crystal, O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the independent mol­ecules into four separate chains parallel to the b axis.

A new polymorph of N,N′-bis­(2,6-diisopropyl­phen­yl)formamidine, C25H36N2, is reported, which is different from the previously reported ortho­rhom­bic structure. The mol­ecule crystallizes in the E–anti configuration, with tautomeric disorder of the N-bonded H atoms and no clear distinction between imine and amine functionalities. The mol­ecules form hydrogen-bonded dimers with inter­molecular N⋯N distances shorter than those in the ortho­rhom­bic polymorph.

The title compound, C40H64O12, crystallizes in a pseudo­merohedrally twinned primitive monoclinic cell with similar contributions of the two twin components. There are two symmetry-independent half-mol­ecules of nona­ctin in the asymmetric unit. Each mol­ecule has a pseudo-S 4 symmetry and resides on a crystallographic twofold axis; the axes pass through the mol­ecular center of mass and are perpendicular to the plane of the macrocycle. The literature description of the room-temperature structure of nona­ctin as an order–disorder structure in an ortho­rhom­bic unit cell is corrected. We report a low-temperature high-precision ordered structure of ‘free’ nona­ctin that allowed for the first time precise determination of its bond distances and angles. It possesses an unfolded and more planar geometry than its complexes with encapsulated Na+, K+, Cs+, Ca2+ or NH4 + cations that exhibit more isometric overall conformations.

A new monoclinic polymorph of the title compound, [V2(C10H13N2O)2O4], which is a centrosymmetric dimer, crystallizes in space group P21/c, whereas the previously known polymorph crystallizes in the ortho­rhom­bic space group Pbca [Mokry & Carrano (1993 ▶). Inorg. Chem. 32, 6119–6121]. Each VV atom is six-coordinated by one oxide group, two N atoms and one O atom from the Schiff base ligand, and by two additional bridging O atoms. The two methyl­ene groups are each disordered over two sites, with occupancy factors of 0.776 (14) and 0.224 (14). In the crystal structure, there are C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π inter­actions between the dimers.

A crystallographic investigation of the title compound, C22H28Cl2N4O4, using crystals obtained under different crystallization conditions, revealed the presence of two distinct polymorphic forms. The mol­ecular conformation in the two polymorphs is very different: one adopts a ‘C’ shape, whereas the other adopts an ‘S’ shape. In the latter, the molecule lies across a crystallographic twofold axis. The ‘S’-shaped polymorph undergoes a reversible ortho­rhom­bic-to-monoclinic phase transition on cooling, whereas the structure of the ‘C’-shaped polymorph is temperature insensitive.

A new polymorph of the title compound, C8H8BrNO, has been determined at 173 K in the space group P21/c. The previous room-temperature structure was reported to crystallize in the ortho­rhom­bic space group Pna21 [Andreetti et al. (1968 ▶). Acta Cryst. B24, 1195–1198]. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming chains along [010]. Weak C—H⋯π inter­actions are also present.

The title compound, C20H20Br2N2O2, a tetra­dentate Schiff base, is the enanti­omerically pure R,R-diastereomer of four possible stereoisomers. The mol­ecular structure reveals two strong intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the hy­droxy O atom and the imino N atom, which each generate S(6) rings. In the crystal, mol­ecules are stacked in columns along the a axis; when viewed down the b axis, successive columns are stacked in the opposite direction. The structure reported herein is the monoclinic polymorph of the previously reported ortho­rhom­bic form [Yi & Hu (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. E65, o2643], in which the complete mol­ecule is generated by a crystallographic twofold axis.

The structure of the title compound, C6H6O3, has been redetermined at low temperature [room-temperature structure: Maartmann-Moe (1965 ▶). Acta Cryst. 19, 155–157]. The mol­ecule is planar with approximate D 3h point symmetry, yet it crystallizes in the chiral ortho­rhom­bic space group P212121 with a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network containing infinite O—H⋯O—H⋯O—H chains.

In the solid-state synthesis of impurity-doped CaGa2S4, calcium tetra­thio­digallate(III), a novel phosphor material (denominated as the X-phase), with monoclinic symmetry in the space group P21/a, has been discovered. Its emission intensity is higher than that of the known ortho­rhom­bic polymorph of CaGa2S4 crystallizing in the space group Fddd. The asymmetric unit of the monoclinic phase consists of two Ca, four Ga and eight S sites. Each of the Ca and Ga atoms is surrounded by seven and four sulfide ions, respectively, thereby sharing each of the sulfur sites with the nearest neighbours. In contrast, the corresponding sites in the ortho­rhom­bic phase are surrounded by eight and four S atoms, respectively. The photoluminescence peaks from Mn2+ and Ce3+ in the doped X-phase, both of which are supposed to replace Ca2+ ions, have been observed to shift towards the high energy side in comparison with those in the ortho­rhom­bic phase. This suggests that the crystal field around the Mn2+ and Ce3+ ions in the X-phase is weaker than that in the ortho­rhom­bic phase.

The title compound, C15H14N4O2S, is a derivative of thio­ureadihydrazide. In contrast to the previously reported polymorph (ortho­rhom­bic, space group Pbca, Z = 8), the current study revealed monoclinic symmetry (space group P21/n, Z = 4). The mol­ecule shows non-crystallographic C 2 as well as approximate C s symmetry. Intra­molecular bifurcated O—H⋯(N,S) hydrogen bonds, are present. In the crystal, inter­molecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π contacts connect the mol­ecules into undulating chains along the b axis. The shortest centroid–centroid distance between two aromatic systems is 4.5285 (12) Å.

The tetra­gonal polymorph of 5,5-dichloro­barbituric acid (m.p. 478 K), C4H2Cl2N2O3, forms an N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonded tape structure along [001]. Two tapes related by a twofold rotation axis are associated via Cl⋯O contacts [3.201 (1) Å], and four such chain pairs are arranged around a fourfold roto-inversion axis. The crystal structures of the monoclinic and ortho­rhom­bic polymorphs have been reported previously [Gelbrich et al. (2011 ▶). CrystEngComm, 13, 5502–5509].

Crystals of di-μ-bromido-bis­[tetra­bromidotantalum(V)], (TaBr5)2, were obtained by recrystallization at 773 K. A first crystal structure study of (TaBr5)2 was reported by Rolsten [J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1958) ▶, 80, 2952–2953], who analysed the powder diffraction pattern and came to the conclusion that it crystallizes isotypically with (NbBr5)2 in a primitive ortho­rhom­bic cell. These findings are not in agreement with our current results of a monoclinic C-centred structure. (TaBr5)2 is isotypic with α-(NbCl5)2. The crystal structure contains [TaBr6] octa­hedra sharing common edges forming [TaBr5]2 dimers. Two crystallographically independent dimers with symmetries m and 2/m and Ta⋯Ta distances of 4.1574 (11) and 4.1551 (15) Å, respectively, are present in the structure.

A monoclinic polymorph of the title compound, [Na(C4H5O6)(H2O)]n, is reported and complements an ortho­rhom­bic form [Kubozono, Hirano, Nagasawa, Maeda & Kashino (1993 ▶). Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn, 66, 2166–2173]. The asymmetric unit contains a hydrogen tartrate anion, an Na+ cation and a water mol­ecule. The Na+ ion is surrounded by seven O atoms derived from one independent and three symmetry-related hydrogen tartrate anions, and a water mol­ecule, forming a distorted penta­gonal–bipyramidal geometry. Independent units are linked via a pair of inter­molecular bifurcated O—H⋯O acceptor bonds, generating an R 2 1(6) ring motif to form polymeric two-dimensional arrays parallel to the (100) plane. In the crystal packing, the arrays are linked by adjacent ring motifs, together with additional inter­molecular O—H⋯O inter­actions, into a three-dimensional network.

A new type of naphthalene-1,8-dicarb­oxy­lic anhydride, C12H6O3, was synthesized hydro­thermally. Unlike the two previously reported polymorphs, which crystallize in the ortho­rhom­bic space groups P212121 [Shok et al. (1971). Kristallografiya, 16, 500–502; Grigor’eva & Chetkina (1975). Kristallografiya, 20, 1289–1290] and Pbca [Shok & Gol’der (1970). Zh. Strukt. Khim. 11, 939–940], this present structure crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 /c. In this structure, the planar [total puckering amplitude Q = 0.0362 (15)] mol­ecules lie parallel to each other along the a axis.

The title compound, cis,fac-dichloridotetra­kis(dimethyl sulfoxide)-κ3 S,κO-ruthenium(II), [RuCl2(C2H6OS)4], was obtained from newly synthesized ruthenium complexes of 3-amino-2-chloro­pyridine. The Ru atom has a distorted octa­hedral coordination with two cis-oriented chloride ligands and four dimethyl sulfoxide ligands. Three of the sulfoxide ligands are S-bonded in a fac configuration, while the fourth is O-bonded. The title compound represents a new, and fourth, polymorph of the complex. Two other monoclinic forms and an ortho­rhom­bic modification have been reported previously.

The asymmetric unit in the title compound, C5H5NO, comprises two independent but virtually identical mol­ecules of 2-pyridone, and represents a monoclinic polymorph of the previously reported ortho­rhom­bic (P212121) form [Penfold (1953 ▶). Acta Cryst. 6, 591–600; Ohms et al. (1984 ▶). Z. Kristallogr. 169, 185–200; Yang & Craven (1998 ▶). Acta Cryst. B54, 912–920]. The independent mol­ecules are linked into supra­molecular dimers via eight-membered {⋯HNC(O)}2 amide synthons in contrast to the helical supra­molecular chains, mediated by {⋯HNC(O)} links, found in the ortho­rhom­bic form.

The title compound, C13H10ClNO, (I), is a polymorph of the structure, (II), first reported by Gowda et al. [Acta Cryst. (2008), E64, o462]. In the original report, the compound crystallized in the ortho­rhom­bic space group Pbca (Z = 8), whereas the structure reported here is monoclinic P21/c (Z = 4). The principal difference between the two forms lies in the relative orientations of the phenyl and benzene rings [dihedral angle = 8.90 (13)° for (I) and 61.0 (1)° for (II)]. The inclination of the amide –CONH– units to the benzoyl ring is more similar [15.8 (7)° for (I) and 18.2 (2)° for (II)]. In both forms, the N—H bonds are anti to the 3-chloro substituents of the aniline rings. In the crystal, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form C(4) chains along c. These chains are bolstered by weak C—H⋯O inter­actions that generate R 2 1(6) and R 2 1(7) ring motifs.

1,3-Diethyl-2-thio­barbituric acid reacts with 2-anisaldehyde to form the Michael addition product 2-anisylbis(1,3-diethyl-2-thio­barbitur-5-yl)methanate, which crystallizes as the title pyridin­ium salt, C5H6N+·C24H29N4O5S2 −, when it reacts with the pyridine used to catalyse the reaction. There are two independent ion pairs in the crystal structure. The anion features a methine C atom connected to three six-membered rings; one of the rings carries a hydr­oxy group, which engages in hydrogen bonding with the carbonyl group belonging to another ring. The monoclinic unit cell emulates an ortho­rhom­bic unit cell, and is a twin with a minor twin component of 35%.

The title salt, C12H24N+·NCS−, represents a monoclinic polymorph of the previously reported ortho­rhom­bic form [Khawar Rauf et al. (2008 ▶). Acta Cryst. E64, o366]. Two independent formula units comprise the asymmetric unit with the major difference in their mol­ecular structures relating to the relative dispositions of the cyclo­hexyl rings [dihedral angles = 79.88 (6) and 67.72 (5)°]. Further, the independent anions form distinctive patterns of hydrogen-bonding inter­actions, i.e. 2 × N—H⋯N versus N—H⋯N and N—H⋯S. The resulting supra­molecular architecture is a supra­molecular chain along the c axis based on a square-wave topology.

The title complex, [Cd(C6H2N2O4)(H2O)3]n, is a new monoclinic polymorph. The ortho­rhom­bic form has previously been reported [Ma et al. (2006 ▶). Acta Cryst. E62, m2528–m2529]. The Cd—N and Cd—O bond lengths range from 2.265 (3) to 2.333 (3) Å; a weak Cd—O inter­action is also present, the inter­atomic distance being 2.658 (4) Å. The CdII ions, which have a distorted penta­gonal-bipyramidal geometry, are bridged by pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxyl­ato ligands, forming a zigzag chain structure. The chains are connected by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional framework.

The title compound, C12H19IO5, is the ortho­rhom­bic polymorph of a previously reported monoclinic form [Krajewski et al. (1987 ▶). Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Chem. 35, 91–102]. The dihedral angles between the six-membered ring and the two five-membered rings are 67.66 (14) and 71.79 (13)°, whereas the dihedral angle between the five-membered rings is 74.41 (12)°, indicating that all three rings are twisted from each other. The six-membered ring has a twist-boat conformation while both of the five-membered rings have envelope conformations. The crystal structure is stabilized by a network of C—H⋯O contacts linking the mol­ecules into a two-dimensional array parallel to the ab plane.